Sunday 17 February 2019

Greening of world study by NASA and others

NASA two satellite, the Terra and the Aqua  has sensor known as Moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer ( MODIS) data says that :--


-- One third Greening effort in the world in recent two decades is contributed by China and India due to the implementation of major tree planting projects alongside a vast increase in agriculture.
--- China and India account for one-third of the greening, but contain only 9% of the planet's land area covered in vegetation. 
--- China contribute 1/4th(25%) increase in green leaf area, despite possessing only 6.6% of world's Area. Forest account for that 42% of that increase, while croplands make up a further 32%.
---  India has contribute a further 6.8% rise in green leaf area,with 82% from cropland and 4.4% from forests.
--- due to multiple cropping practices, production of grains, vegetables, fruits and more have increased by 35-40% since 2000 to feed their large populations.
-- due to a warmer, wetter climate and fertilzation from added carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, leading to more green leaf cover.
--- due to environmental movement in India and China in 70's and 80's,  government and people realise to fix the problem caused by deforestation through social forestry programme , joint forest management, REDD plus initiative by UN, PAN programme increased the conserved and protected areas.
--- a direct line can not be drawn between an increase in global greening and a decrease in adverse impacts of climate change. For example in croplands the relationship of greening to carbon storage is even less clear.
--- but in same period there is a loss of leaf area in Tropical natural vegetation of Congo, Brazil and Indonesia.

Other impacts of carbon dioxide fertlization and  NPP on global greening.
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--- Doubling atmospheric CO2 is likely going to cause some "greening" of the terrestrial biosphere globally under equilibrium conditions, especially if factors such as water and nutrient availability do not become limiting, Likely, much of the greening will manifest itself in the tropics, not in mid-latitudes; 
--- warming negates much of the CO2 effect Limiting growth factors are common throughout the terrestrial biosphere, thus the calculated "CO2-only" effects represent a best case scenario
--- Equilibrium conditions are a model construct not accounting for transient developments, particularly short-term weather extremes with the potential to eliminate long-term gains.

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